Fix HTML loading stalls on large modern pages

- batch asynchronous HTTP stylesheets and apply them in a single reload
  - skip unsupported block at-rules without leaking nested rules
  - prevent scripts nested in unknown custom elements from entering the render tree
  - add regression coverage for unsupported at-rules and nested scripts
  - document the Ninja release workflow for performance testing

.agent/rules/build-project.md

@@ -1,4 +1,23 @@
-# Build Instructions (Debug Mode)
+# Build Instructions
+
+The build configurations in `.ecode/project_build.json` are the source of truth for the
+developer's local build workflows. Check that file before selecting a generator, backend, or
+build flags. In particular, do not use an AddressSanitizer build to evaluate runtime performance.
+
+## Release Performance Builds (Linux)
+
+For performance investigations, use the `eepp-linux-ninja` configuration from
+`.ecode/project_build.json`. At the time of writing, its commands are:
+
+`premake5 --disable-static-build --with-debug-symbols --with-backend=SDL3 ninja`
+
+`ninja -C make/linux release`
+
+This produces an optimized release build with debug symbols and without AddressSanitizer. Run the
+release executable (for example, `bin/eepp-ui-html`) when measuring performance. Recheck
+`.ecode/project_build.json` before use because the local configuration may change.
+
+## Debug and Unit-Test Builds
 
 All build commands must be executed from the **root project directory**. Follow these steps to build the project:
 

include/eepp/ui/uiscenenode.hpp

@@ -958,6 +958,8 @@ class EE_API UISceneNode : public SceneNode {
 	bool mIsLoading{ false };
 	bool mUpdatingLayouts{ false };
 	bool mStyleDuringLoad{ false };
+	Uint32 mPendingHTTPStyleSheetLoads{ 0 };
+	bool mHTTPStyleSheetChanged{ false };
 	UIThemeManager* mUIThemeManager{ nullptr };
 	UIIconThemeManager* mUIIconThemeManager{ nullptr };
 	std::vector<Graphics::FontPtr> mFontFaces;
@@ -1183,6 +1185,11 @@ class EE_API UISceneNode : public SceneNode {
 	 */
 	void loadCSS( URI uri, std::optional<Time> defer, CSS::StyleSheet::SourceOrder sourceOrder );
 
+	void combineHTTPStyleSheet( const std::string& css, const std::string& url, URI baseURI,
+								CSS::StyleSheet::SourceOrder sourceOrder );
+
+	void finishHTTPStyleSheetLoad();
+
 	/**
 	 * @brief Loads glyph icons from @glyph-icon rules.
 	 *

src/eepp/ui/css/stylesheetparser.cpp

@@ -135,6 +135,17 @@ bool StyleSheetParser::parse( std::string& css, std::vector<std::string>& import
 					} else if ( String::startsWith( trimBuf, "@keyframes" ) ||
 								String::startsWith( trimBuf, "@-webkit-keyframes" ) ) {
 						keyframesParse( css, rs, pos, buffer );
+					} else if ( !String::startsWith( trimBuf, "@font-face" ) &&
+								!String::startsWith( trimBuf, "@glyph-icon" ) ) {
+						// Unsupported block at-rules must not leak their nested contents into the
+						// top-level rule stream. We cannot preserve their conditional or cascade
+						// semantics, so skip the complete balanced block.
+						std::size_t closePos = String::findCloseBracket( css, pos - 1, '{', '}' );
+						if ( closePos != std::string::npos ) {
+							rs = ReadingSelector;
+							pos = closePos + 1;
+							buffer.clear();
+						}
 					}
 				}
 

src/eepp/ui/uiscenenode.cpp

@@ -797,6 +797,8 @@ UISceneNode* UISceneNode::setWebResourceCache( WebResourceCachePtr cache,
 }
 
 Uint64 UISceneNode::beginDocumentNavigation( const URI& uri ) {
+	mPendingHTTPStyleSheetLoads = 0;
+	mHTTPStyleSheetChanged = false;
 	return mWebResourceCache && mDocumentSessionId
 			   ? mWebResourceCache->beginNavigation( mDocumentSessionId, uri )
 			   : 0;
@@ -1916,6 +1918,7 @@ void UISceneNode::loadCSS( URI uri, std::optional<Time> defer,
 			}
 		}
 	} else if ( "http" == uri.getScheme() || "https" == uri.getScheme() ) {
+		mPendingHTTPStyleSheetLoads++;
 		auto resourceState = mAsyncResourceLoadState;
 		Uint64 resourceGeneration =
 			resourceState ? resourceState->generation.load( std::memory_order_acquire ) : 0;
@@ -1935,12 +1938,14 @@ void UISceneNode::loadCSS( URI uri, std::optional<Time> defer,
 					resourceState, resourceGeneration,
 					[css = std::move( css ), url, baseURL,
 					 sourceOrder]( UISceneNode* scene ) mutable {
-						scene->combineStyleSheet( css, true, String::hash( url ), baseURL,
+						scene->combineHTTPStyleSheet( css, url, baseURL, sourceOrder );
-												  sourceOrder );
 						Log::debug( "UISceneNode::loadCSS: Loaded - %s", url );
 					} );
 			} else {
 				Log::debug( "UISceneNode::loadCSS: Failed to load %s - %s", url, result.error );
+				UISceneNode::runAsyncResourceOnMainThread(
+					resourceState, resourceGeneration,
+					[]( UISceneNode* scene ) { scene->finishHTTPStyleSheetLoad(); } );
 			}
 		} );
 	} else if ( VFS::instance()->fileExists( uri.getPath() ) ) {
@@ -1956,6 +1961,30 @@ void UISceneNode::loadCSS( URI uri, std::optional<Time> defer,
 	}
 }
 
+void UISceneNode::combineHTTPStyleSheet( const std::string& css, const std::string& url,
+										 URI baseURI, CSS::StyleSheet::SourceOrder sourceOrder ) {
+	CSS::StyleSheetParser parser;
+	parser.setBaseURI( baseURI );
+	if ( parser.loadFromString( css ) ) {
+		parser.getStyleSheet().setMarker( String::hash( url ) );
+		resolveStyleSheetRelativeURLs( parser.getStyleSheet(), baseURI.empty() ? mURI : baseURI );
+		mStyleSheet.combineStyleSheet( parser.getStyleSheet(), sourceOrder );
+		processStyleSheetAtRules( parser.getStyleSheet(), baseURI );
+		mHTTPStyleSheetChanged = true;
+	}
+	finishHTTPStyleSheetLoad();
+}
+
+void UISceneNode::finishHTTPStyleSheetLoad() {
+	if ( mPendingHTTPStyleSheetLoads > 0 )
+		mPendingHTTPStyleSheetLoads--;
+	if ( mPendingHTTPStyleSheetLoads == 0 && mHTTPStyleSheetChanged ) {
+		mHTTPStyleSheetChanged = false;
+		updateStyleSheet( true );
+		refreshWebViewDocumentLayoutAfterStyleChange( mRoot );
+	}
+}
+
 void UISceneNode::setInternalPixelsSize( const Sizef& size ) {
 	Sizef s( size );
 	if ( s != mSize ) {

src/eepp/ui/uitextspan.cpp

@@ -523,6 +523,12 @@ void UITextSpan::loadFromXmlNode( const pugi::xml_node& node ) {
 	if ( hasElements ) {
 		for ( pugi::xml_node child = node.first_child(); child; child = child.next_sibling() ) {
 			if ( child.type() == pugi::node_element ) {
+				// Unknown HTML elements are represented by UITextSpan. Keep script elements and
+				// their potentially very large data payloads out of the render tree even when
+				// they are nested below one of those custom elements.
+				if ( String::iequals( child.name(), "script" ) )
+					continue;
+
 				UIWidget* widget = UIWidgetCreator::createFromName( child.name() );
 
 				if ( widget == nullptr )

src/tests/unit_tests/uihtml_tests.cpp

@@ -3003,6 +3003,36 @@ UTEST( UIHTML, MarkdownViewLoadsBodyChildrenIntoNativeTree ) {
 	Engine::destroySingleton();
 }
 
+UTEST( UIHTML, ScriptNestedInUnknownElementIsNotRendered ) {
+	init_ui_test();
+	auto* sceneNode = SceneManager::instance()->getUISceneNode();
+
+	sceneNode->loadLayoutFromString( HTMLFormatter::HTMLtoXML( R"html(
+		<html><body><react-app id="app">
+			<script type="application/json">{"payload":"must-not-render"}</script>
+			<span id="visible">Visible</span>
+		</react-app></body></html>
+	)html" ) );
+
+	auto* app = sceneNode->getRoot()->find( "app" );
+	ASSERT_TRUE( app != nullptr );
+	EXPECT_TRUE( app->asType<UIWidget>()->findByTag( "script" ) == nullptr );
+	EXPECT_TRUE( app->find( "visible" ) != nullptr );
+
+	Engine::destroySingleton();
+}
+
+UTEST( UIHTML, UnsupportedBlockAtRulesDoNotLeakNestedRules ) {
+	StyleSheetParser parser;
+	ASSERT_TRUE( parser.loadFromString( std::string_view{
+		"@layer framework { .layered { color: red; } @supports (display: grid) { .nested { "
+		"display: grid; } } } .visible { color: blue; }" } ) );
+
+	EXPECT_TRUE( parser.getStyleSheet().findStyleFromSelectorName( ".layered" ).empty() );
+	EXPECT_TRUE( parser.getStyleSheet().findStyleFromSelectorName( ".nested" ).empty() );
+	EXPECT_EQ( 1u, parser.getStyleSheet().findStyleFromSelectorName( ".visible" ).size() );
+}
+
 UTEST( UIHTML, StyleSheetSiblingCombinators ) {
 	Engine::instance()->createWindow( WindowSettings( 1024, 768, "CSS Sibling Test",
 													  WindowStyle::Default, WindowBackend::Default,