New APIs for message processing loops

This patch adds new C APIs
dc_get_next_msgs() and dc_wait_next_msgs(),
and their JSON-RPC counterparts
get_next_msgs() and wait_next_msgs().

New configuration "last_msg_id"
tracks the last message ID processed by the bot.
get_next_msgs() returns message IDs above
the "last_msg_id".
wait_next_msgs() waits for new message notification
and calls get_next_msgs().
wait_next_msgs() can be used to build
a separate message processing loop
independent of the event loop.

Async Python API get_fresh_messages_in_arrival_order()
is deprecated in favor of get_next_messages().

Introduced Python APIs:
- Account.wait_next_incoming_message()
- Message.is_from_self()
- Message.is_from_device()

Introduced Rust APIs:
- Context.set_config_u32()
- Context.get_config_u32()

python/src/deltachat/account.py

@@ -376,6 +376,22 @@ class Account:
         dc_array = ffi.gc(lib.dc_get_fresh_msgs(self._dc_context), lib.dc_array_unref)
         return (x for x in iter_array(dc_array, lambda x: Message.from_db(self, x)) if x is not None)
 
+    def _wait_next_message_ids(self) -> List[int]:
+        """Return IDs of all next messages from all chats."""
+        dc_array = ffi.gc(lib.dc_wait_next_msgs(self._dc_context), lib.dc_array_unref)
+        return [lib.dc_array_get_id(dc_array, i) for i in range(lib.dc_array_get_cnt(dc_array))]
+
+    def wait_next_incoming_message(self) -> Message:
+        """Waits until the next incoming message
+        with ID higher than given is received and returns it."""
+        while True:
+            message_ids = self._wait_next_message_ids()
+            for msg_id in message_ids:
+                message = Message.from_db(self, msg_id)
+                if message and not message.is_from_self() and not message.is_from_device():
+                    self.set_config("last_msg_id", str(msg_id))
+                    return message
+
     def create_chat(self, obj) -> Chat:
         """Create a 1:1 chat with Account, Contact or e-mail address."""
         return self.create_contact(obj).create_chat()

python/src/deltachat/message.py

@@ -344,6 +344,16 @@ class Message:
         contact_id = lib.dc_msg_get_from_id(self._dc_msg)
         return Contact(self.account, contact_id)
 
+    def is_from_self(self):
+        """Return true if the message is sent by self."""
+        contact_id = lib.dc_msg_get_from_id(self._dc_msg)
+        return contact_id == const.DC_CONTACT_ID_SELF
+
+    def is_from_device(self):
+        """Return true if the message is sent by the device."""
+        contact_id = lib.dc_msg_get_from_id(self._dc_msg)
+        return contact_id == const.DC_CONTACT_ID_DEVICE
+
     #
     # Message State query methods
     #

python/tests/test_1_online.py

@@ -44,21 +44,21 @@ def test_configure_generate_key(acfactory, lp):
     lp.sec("ac1: send unencrypted message to ac2")
     chat.send_text("message1")
     lp.sec("ac2: waiting for message from ac1")
-    msg_in = ac2._evtracker.wait_next_incoming_message()
+    msg_in = ac2.wait_next_incoming_message()
     assert msg_in.text == "message1"
     assert not msg_in.is_encrypted()
 
     lp.sec("ac2: send encrypted message to ac1")
     msg_in.chat.send_text("message2")
     lp.sec("ac1: waiting for message from ac2")
-    msg2_in = ac1._evtracker.wait_next_incoming_message()
+    msg2_in = ac1.wait_next_incoming_message()
     assert msg2_in.text == "message2"
     assert msg2_in.is_encrypted()
 
     lp.sec("ac1: send encrypted message to ac2")
     msg2_in.chat.send_text("message3")
     lp.sec("ac2: waiting for message from ac1")
-    msg3_in = ac2._evtracker.wait_next_incoming_message()
+    msg3_in = ac2.wait_next_incoming_message()
     assert msg3_in.text == "message3"
     assert msg3_in.is_encrypted()